Vietnam Pension Calculator (VND)
Vietnam's monthly state pension comes from the compulsory social-insurance scheme (BHXH) and is built from one multiplication: replacement rate × your average insured salary. The average salary part is whatever your contributions were based on; the interesting part is the replacement rate, which is driven entirely by how many years you have paid in.
The rule that matters is this: your first 15 qualifying years earn a 45% replacement rate, each additional year adds 2%, and the rate is capped at 75%. So from the 45% floor you need another 15 years of contributions to reach the ceiling — meaning 30 years of contributions gets you to the maximum 75%, and anything beyond that does not raise the rate. In the default scenario — 30 years of contributions on a 12.000.000 VND average monthly salary — the replacement rate is exactly 75%, producing a pension of 9.000.000 VND per month.
If you are a foreigner working in Vietnam and paying into BHXH, the same formula applies to your dong-denominated contributions. The calculator above takes your years contributed and your average insured salary, then returns the replacement rate, the monthly pension, and how many more years you would need to hit the 75% cap. One caveat governs everything here: the 2024 Social Insurance Law (in force from 1 July 2025) lowered the minimum number of qualifying years and adjusted several details (how the average salary is computed, separate treatment for women, early-retirement reductions). The numbers on this page illustrate the general formula only — check the current rules and your own BHXH record before relying on a figure.
How the calculator estimates a pension
The two parts of a pension
Monthly pension = replacement rate × average insured monthly salary
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Replacement rate | The percentage applied to your average salary, set by years contributed |
| Average salary | The average monthly wage your BHXH contributions were based on (e.g. 12.000.000 VND) |
How the replacement rate is built
This is the part the tool models:
- The first 15 qualifying years earn a flat 45%.
- Each additional year after year 15 adds 2%.
- The rate is capped at 75% — contributing beyond the cap does not increase it.
As a formula: rate = min(75%, 45% + 2% × (years − 15)). Climbing from 45% to 75% takes 15 extra years, so the cap is reached at 30 years of contributions. The widget applies exactly this, so every figure in the worked-example table is reproducible by hand.
Why there is a 75% ceiling
The cap keeps the pension fund sustainable and limits the maximum monthly payout. Someone with 30 contribution years and someone with 40 years, on the same average salary, receive the same 75% rate — extra years past the cap do not raise the monthly pension, though they may affect other entitlements.
What the model leaves out
The calculator models only the headline rate formula (45% + 2%/year, capped at 75%) against an average salary you supply. It does not handle the multi-period averaging of your salary (with indexation factors), the separate rate schedule for female workers, early-retirement reductions, or the revised minimum-years eligibility under the 2024 Social Insurance Law. Treat the result as a quick estimate, not an official figure from the social-insurance authority.
Worked example: 30 contribution years on a 12.000.000 VND average salary
Illustrative assumptions: the general 45% + 2%/year formula with a 75% cap, applied to an average insured salary of 12.000.000 VND/month (ignoring indexation factors, gender-specific rates and early retirement).
| Years contributed | Replacement rate | Monthly pension |
|---|---|---|
| 15 years | 45% | 5.400.000 |
| 20 years | 55% | 6.600.000 |
| 25 years | 65% | 7.800.000 |
| 30 years | 75% | 9.000.000 |
| 35 years (cap reached) | 75% | 9.000.000 |
Three things stand out.
- 45% is the floor for 15 years. Reaching 15 qualifying years gives a 45% rate, or 5.400.000 VND/month. That is everyone's starting point.
- Each extra year is worth 2% of your average salary. On 12.000.000 VND, every 2% adds 240.000 VND/month — so moving from 15 to 30 years lifts the pension from 5.400.000 to 9.000.000 VND.
- The 30-year mark hits the 75% cap. Both a 30-year and a 35-year contributor on the same salary receive 9.000.000 VND/month — years beyond 30 do not raise the rate.
Enter your own years and average salary to see where you land on the curve. To build a full retirement plan, FiMo also has a one-time social-insurance (BHXH) calculator and a retirement planner so you can compare your options.
Frequently asked questions
How is the monthly Vietnam pension calculated?
Monthly pension = replacement rate × average insured monthly salary. The replacement rate follows a formula: the first 15 qualifying years earn 45%, each additional year adds 2%, capped at 75%. Worked example: 30 years of contributions on a 12.000.000 VND average salary gives a 75% rate and a 9.000.000 VND/month pension. This is the general formula; the actual average salary is computed across periods with indexation factors.
How many years do I need to reach the maximum 75% rate?
You need 30 contribution years to reach the 75% cap. The first 15 years earn 45%, then each extra year adds 2%, so you need 15 more years (15 × 2% = 30%) to climb from 45% to 75% — 30 years in total. Contributing beyond 30 years does not raise the rate: a 30-year and a 35-year contributor on the same average salary both receive the 75% rate and the same 9.000.000 VND/month pension.
How much does each extra contribution year add to my pension?
Each additional year (after the first 15 and before the cap) adds 2% to the replacement rate, which means 2% of your average salary added to the monthly pension. On a 12.000.000 VND average salary, each extra year is worth 240.000 VND/month. So moving from 15 to 30 years lifts the pension from 5.400.000 to 9.000.000 VND/month. Once you reach the 30-year cap, further years no longer increase the pension.
Can foreigners working in Vietnam receive a Vietnam pension?
Foreign employees who pay compulsory social insurance (BHXH) in Vietnam build entitlements under the same scheme, so the same replacement-rate formula applies to their dong-denominated contributions. Whether you ultimately draw a monthly pension or take a one-time settlement when leaving depends on your years contributed, your status and the current rules — which the 2024 Social Insurance Law changed. This tool estimates the monthly-pension formula only; confirm your specific situation with the social-insurance authority.
Does a higher average salary always mean a higher pension?
Yes, because the pension is directly proportional to the average insured salary: pension = rate × average salary. At a fixed 75% rate, doubling the average salary doubles the pension. But the rate itself is capped at 75% by years contributed, so beyond 30 years only a higher average salary — not more years — raises the payout. Note the insured salary your contributions are based on may itself be capped by statute, separate from this tool.
Are these figures the official pension amount?
No. The calculator applies only the general rate formula (45% + 2%/year, 75% cap) to an average salary you enter, so the output is a quick estimate. It does not handle the indexation applied when averaging salary across years, the separate rate schedule for women, early-retirement reductions, or the revised minimum-years eligibility under the 2024 Social Insurance Law (in force 1 July 2025). Check the current rules and your own BHXH record for an official number.